The Experiences of Women in The Color Purple Essay

Introduction In the film The Color purple women are strongly objectified by men, their worth being ruled by beauty, talent and what they could do. They were left uneducated to keep them submissive and beaten down to be put in place. Men however did as they please with no repercussions for their actions. White men were given the right to an education and all Characters Mr. is controlling and self centered without showing any regards to how Celie is feeling. He beats and conditions her to be submissive. For this is how he was led to believe to treat women by his father viewing them as objects. At the end of the movie he has a turn around. After Cellie left he realized without her every thing falls apart. ‘until you do right by me†¦show more content†¦She is treated as a slave, is submissive and viewed as worthless. Her father telling Mr. that she is twice spoiled with no remorse for what he had done. She has very low confidence and told, â€Å"you sure is ugly† by Shug whom Cellie eventually forms a close bond to. At the end of the movie, Cellie stands up for herself ‘Im poor, black, I might even be ugly, but dear God, Im here. Im here.’feeling some self worth after discovering letters sent by her sister Nettie and hidden by Mr. and learning that her children were in fact alive and treated well as well as receivin g an education which was rare for black people especially females. Shug is a confident singer whom comes into the movie in an alcohol induced messy state. She is very talented, attractive and highly desired and valued by men therefore treated well. She shows Cellie she to can be beautiful and to keep her head up. Gender and its construction Gender can be analyzed by factors sex and gender. Sex is defined by the physical characteristics between males and females such as genitals and physical differences, like build and height. Gender refers to stereotypes patterns of behavior and expectations, for example in the movie women are seen as slaves and sexual objects and the men are controlling masculine leaders. Constructing gender solely on the expectations of society and what is viewed as normal. In the film expectationsShow MoreRelatedThe Color Purple By Alice Walker Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pageswoman of color experience through her works, The Color Purple An Epistolary Novel and In Search of Our Mother’s Garden. Walker defines â€Å"Womanist to feminist as purple to lavender† (21). Womanist theory looks at the heart of a colored woman and the things in which grieves her soul. It uplifts and builds Women of color and helping one to embrace their blackness as well as their gender through understand the powe r and privilege of being able to be called a woman. Women, particularly women of color possessRead MoreFilm Analysis : The Film The Help 953 Words   |  4 Pages The Help represents various characters. However, characters to be analyzed in this film are: Celia Foot, Minny Jackson, and Hilly. In Contrast to The Help, is the feminist text â€Å"The Color Purple† directed by Steven Spielberg, released in 1985, set in 1900’s in the deep south of United States. In The Color Purple feminist came into existence ,because America likes to portray itself as a free country, when its history has been fill or saturate with oppression in many areas including gender ,raceRead MoreAlice Walker s The Color Purple1460 Words   |  6 PagesElements of Alice Walker’s Life Portrayed in The Color Purple An artist stands in the studio before a blank canvas on an easel, with a palette of colors in hand. Not knowing which to choose from, the artist looks over the variety of shades thinking about the different possibilities, willing to create something extraordinary. With an open mind, the artist ponders the idea of creating something entirely original that goes against the artistic styles practiced before. All on his own Pablo Picasso createdRead MoreThe Color Purple by Alice Walker1192 Words   |  5 Pagesas a novel containing graphic violence, sexuality, chauvinism, and racism, The Color Purple was banned in numerous schools across the United States. Crude language, brutality, and explicit detail chronicle the life of Celie, a young black woman exposed to southern society’s harshness. While immoral, the events and issues discussed in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple remain pervasive in today’s society. The Color Purple epitomizes the hardships that African Amer icans faced at the turn of the centuryRead MoreThe Color Purple by Alice Walker926 Words   |  4 PagesThe award-winning novel, â€Å"The Color Purple† by Alice Walker, is a story about a woman going through cruel things such as: incest, rape, and physical abuse. This greatly written novel comes from a very active feminist author who used many of her own experiences, as well as things that were happening during that era, in her writing. â€Å"The Color Purple† takes place in the early 1900s, and symbolizes the economic, emotional, and social deprivation that African American women faced in Southern states ofRead MoreDouble Discrimination Exposed in The Color Purple Essay953 Words   |  4 Pagesabolished, colored people still had to deal with racial discrimination, demoralization, subjugation and hatred, especially colored women.nbsp; Black women have had to face unbelievable odds at obtaining self-assurance. nbsp; nbsp; nbsp;African-American woman have had to deal with being black and female, a double-edged sword.nbsp; In her novel, The Color Purple, author Alice Walker introduces southern black female characters that not only faced slavery, but sexism, racism and oppressionRead Moreâ€Å"All segments of the literary world—whether establishment, progressive, Black, female, or1200 Words   |  5 Pagesthey do not know, that Black women writers and Black lesbian writers exist.† During the 1970’s to 1980’s, African American studies of Black’s steep legacy was a dying trade. Alice walker stepped up in this time period as an influential writer of the recovery movement for African American studies. Three well respected works from Alice Walker are: The Color Purple, The Third Life of Grange Copeland, and Meridian. We will focus on Walker’s narrative, The Color Purple which details the story of aRead MoreDomestic Violence in The Color Purple by Alice Walker E ssay1274 Words   |  6 Pagesnegatively impacts women in the world today. The novel The Color Purple deals with the narrator Celie, a black woman uneducated and poor, who gets physically abused by both her so called father and husband. Throughout the novel, it is shown how a powerless woman rises and stands up for herself after years of being mistreated. Over 85% of women experience or go through a domestic violence through friends or family. Domestic Violence has sadly played a big role in families, specifically women, and has ledRead MoreLiterary Analysis: The Color Purple Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pageskinds of literature is racism. In America specifically, African Americans endured racism heavily, especially in the South, and did not gain equal rights until the 1960s. In her renowned book The Color Purple, Alice Walker narrates the journey of an African American woman, Celie Johnson (Harris), who experiences racism, sexism, and enduring hardships throughout the course of her life; nonetheless, through the help of friends and family, she is able to overcome her obstacles and grow into a stronger, moreRead MoreFeminine Narrative in Alice Walkers The Color Purple Essay1472 Words   |  6 PagesWalker’s The Color Purple, has been considered by critics as effectively using â€Å"narrative techniques† to make readers cry (Warhol 183). Emphasizing on these matters, Robyn R. Warhol, the author of â€Å"Narration Produces Gender: Femininity as Affect and Effect in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple†, analyzes the usefulness of the novel’s narration approaches, focusing on the meaning of Nettie’s letters to Celie and especially the fairy-tale unity in Celie’s last letter. Using The Color Purple as illustrated

Racism And Sexism In Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye

How does racism and sexism play a part in the novel, The Bluest Eye? Have you ever experienced or seen racism and/or sexism and you were not able to help make the situation better? Throughout the novel The Bluest Eye, the author, Toni Morrison takes us on a journey of an eleven-year-old girl named Pecola Breedlove whose love for blond hair and blue eyes affects how she perceives everyone around her. The novel takes place in Lorain, Ohio where Morrison grew up. Pecola wishes for blue eyes because she thinks that people will look at her and treat her better. Her family is very dysfunctional; her father drinks. Her mother is not affectionate and the two of them fight very often. Her older brother, Sammy, runs away. Instead of being loved and†¦show more content†¦Her mother finds her unconscious on the floor, Pauline does not believe Pecola’s story and beats her instead. Pecola ends up going to Soaphead Church, a fake West Indian sorcerer for blue eyes. Instead, he uses her to kill a dog he hates. Claudia and Frieda are Pecola’s friends who feel bad for her unlike the rest of the neighborhood when they find out her father impregnated her. They do many sacrifices over the summer believing that that’s what will help Pecola’s baby live. Their sacrifices go to waste when the baby is born and dies prematurely. Cholly rapes Pecola a second time, runs away, and dies in a workhouse. Pecola goes mad, believing her wish has been fulfilled and she has the bluest of blue eyes. Toni Morrison makes sure to include different types of black beauty in the novel, such as Peola who is a poor dark skin girl with a big nose, big lips and unattractive features. On the other hand there is Maureen, a wealthy light skinned girl who is adored by everyone, but is sometimes snobby and mean. This shows how beauty is related to wealth, in the sense that people who are lighter skinned are more likely to get better jobs and live more prosperous lives, whereas darker skinned people are not given similar opportunities for a better life. Claudia and Frieda are strong-minded, independent and stubborn girls who rebel against the societal norms of light or white skin equalling superiority in beauty. Pauline believes that she’s ugly becauseShow MoreRelatedRacism By Toni Morrison Analysis982 Words   |  4 PagesThe noble laureate winning author Toni Morrison comments that â€Å"racism hurts in a very personal way† (Bouson 103). This might be a hint towards the long term generational consequences that racism causes. Having the entire future generation jeopardized by the concept of racism is indeed a pain that will hurt anyone who has love for his/her community. Morrison believes that the lives and relationships of people are affected by racism as she remarks â€Å"Because of it, people do all sorts of things in theirRead Morestudy on toni morrison Essay2402 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿A Study On Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye Ying-Hua,Liao Introduction Toni Morrison was the winner of the 1993 Nobel Prize for Literature. She is a prominent contemporary American writer devoted to the black literary and cultural movement. Her achievements and dedication to the promotion of black culture have established her distinguished status in American literature. Many critics applaud Toni Morrison’s artistic talent and contribution to American literature. Darwin T. Turner, for exampleRead MoreEssay about Racism and Sexism in the Bluest Eye1798 Words   |  8 PagesToni Morrison, the author of The Bluest Eye, centers her novel around two things: beauty and wealth in their relation to race and a brutal rape of a young girl by her father. Morrison explores and exposes these themes in relation to the underlying factors of black society: racism and sexism. Every character has a problem to deal with and it involves racism and/or sexism. Whether the characters are the victim or the aggressor, they can do nothing about their problem or condition, especially when concerningRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1587 Words   |  7 PagesRussell M. Nelson once said, â€Å"We were born to die and we die to live.† Toni Morrison correlates to Nelson’s quote in her Nobel Lecture of 1993, â€Å"We die. That may be the meaning of li fe. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives.† In Toni Morrison’s novel, The Bluest Eye, she uses language to examine the concepts of racism, lack of self-identity, gender roles, and socioeconomic hardships as they factor into a misinterpretation of the American Dream. Morrison illustrates problems thatRead MoreThe Price Of Persecution By Toni Morrison s The Bluest Eye1238 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst the powerful is one of the oldest and compelling stories that can be told, and it has always been the story of race in the United States. Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye is a candid look into the lives of African Americans in the early 1940’s, focusing on the drama surrounding the coming of age of young girls. The debilitating effects of racism, sexism, and classism on children and adults of different social statuses are explored through the stories of a number of families. By illustrating aRead MoreThe Cultural Identity Of The Strong Black W oman2874 Words   |  12 Pagessuperficial or artificially imposed ‘selves’, which many people shared history and ancestry hold in common† (Hall 223). SBW is a self-construction manifested by black women in the Americas. It is used a coping mechanism in response to pervasive sexism and racism. The SBW construct dates back to slavery because the image projects traits of all three stereotypes established during the era of slavery: She looks like the Mammy but is loyal to the black community; She does not require physical and emotionalRead MoreThe Effects of Scientific Racism on Black Women Essay5776 Words   |  24 PagesThe Effects of Scientific Racism on Black Women Scientific racism has been used to oppress, enslave and to justify torture. In my essay I will explore how scientific racism has been used to detriment the health of women of colour. Throughout history women of colour have been experimented upon, sexualized and reproductively abused with scientific racism as justification or the underlying premise for the thought behind this abuse. I will explore this idea using examples throughout various periods

Impact of Social and Economic Indicators on Maternal

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Social and Economic Indicators on Maternal. Answer: Introduction The socio-economic conditions of the people in the society depend a lot on the external conditions. It would be correct to say that the governments of different nations have an important role to play to improve the social and economic conditions of the people in the society. It has been observed that the socio-economic conditions of the women are good in the developed countries like USA and Australia (Neupane, 2014). However, the socio-economic conditions of the women are not good in the developing nations like India and Nepal. The government of Nepal has been trying hard to improve the socio-economic conditions of women. However, the social and economic development of women would require the continuous support of people in the society (Wang, 2014). It would be interesting to study the socio-economic status of women in Nepal and how this status differ from the status of the women in the developed nations like Australia. Objectives of research project: The objective of the research is to study the socio-economic conditions of women in Nepal and compare this status with the social and economic status of the women in developed nations like Australia. The paper would also study the ways by which the socio-economic conditions of women in Nepal could be improved. Research questions: What are the current socio-economic conditions of women in Nepal? What are the ways by which the socio-economic conditions of women in Nepal could be improved References Neupane, G., Chesney-Lind, M. (2014). Violence against women on public transport in Nepal: sexual harassment and the spatial expression of male privilege.International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice,38(1), 23-38. Wang, G. Z. (2014). The Impact of Social and Economic Indicators on Maternal and Child Health.Social indicators research,116(3), 935-957.

The Cotton Club Movie free essay sample

The Cotton Club Movie Derrick Sweeten The Cotton Club was a famous night club in New York during the early asss and asss. In this film Harems Cotton Club of the sasss was beautifully recreated and with Cab Galloway and Duke Longtime performing in there. This club flourished during the prohibition era in the late asss and early asss. Richard Greer plays Dixie Dwyer, a young musician who works for mobsters in an effort to advance his career. D. N. Year falls in love with Vera Cicero played by Diane Lane, the girlfriend of gangsterDutch Schultz played by James Remark. Dryers character was loosely based on the life of one of Jazz greats, Big Bedecked as was told by Cottons Club director Francis Ford Copula. Throughout the film various gangsters and boot-legers interact, a lot of times violently, but most of the action centers on the Cotton Club. We will write a custom essay sample on The Cotton Club Movie or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An establishment owned in real life by Owen Madden played by Bob Haskins. Madden brought in black performers to entertain a Whites Only clientele, a truly racists policy and a major lot point in the films story.This film was also a love story between two races, Dwyer and Cicero who were both white and Sandman Williams played by Gregory Hines and Lea Rose Oliver played by Lunette McKee were both black. But the captivating Jazz music and visual effects were amazing. The corruption, violence, and Implied sleaze were dazzling and showy to be sure. The clubs ambiance had a certain elegance and glamour. It had a strange mix but one that was consistent with that era In U. S. Story.The costumes and Jazz numbers were amazing, sultry and flashy. Gregory Hines together with his brother Maurice Hines who also played Sandmans brother In the film, provided some cool tap dancing. Some of It was In fact Improvised and their grandmother In real life really performed at the Cotton Club during Its heyday. The first time I saw this movie I really Like the story and the music. I watched It a second and third time partly for the music and dancing, and I really enjoyed the plot.This movie was pretty accurate In Its portrayal of the time when gangsters had control of Just about everything. If you Like Jazz Just a little and know some of Its rich history, this Is definitely a movie for you. By curableness 2 Dwyer falls in love with Vera Cicero played by Diane Lane, the girlfriend of gangster music and visual effects were amazing. The corruption, violence, and implied sleaze glamour. It had a strange mix but one that was consistent with that era in U. S.Hines together with his brother Maurice Hines who also played Sandmans brother in the film, provided some cool tap dancing. Some of it was in fact improvised and their grandmother in real life really performed at the Cotton Club during its heyday. The first time I saw this movie I really like the story and the music. I watched it a This movie was pretty accurate in its portrayal of the time when gangsters had control of Just about everything. If you like Jazz Just a little and know some of its rich history, this is definitely a movie for you.

Biography of Mary McLeod Bethune, Civil Rights Activist

Biography of Mary McLeod Bethune, Civil Rights Activist Mary McLeod Bethune (born  Mary Jane McLeod; July 10, 1875–May 18, 1955) was a trailblazing African-American educator and civil rights leader. Bethune, who strongly believed that education was the key to equal rights, founded the groundbreaking Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute (now known as the Bethune-Cookman College) in 1904. She also opened a hospital, served as CEO of a company, advised four U.S. presidents, and was chosen to attend the founding convention of the United Nations. Fast Facts: Mary McLeod Bethune Known For: Bethune was an educator and activist who fought to improve the lives of African-Americans.Also Known As: Mary Jane McLeodBorn: July 10, 1875 in Mayesville, South CarolinaParents: Sam and Patsy McLeodDied: May 18, 1955 in Daytona Beach, FloridaSpouse: Albertus Bethune (m. 1898–1918)Children: Albert Early Life Mary Jane McLeod was born on July 10, 1875, in rural Mayesville, South Carolina. Unlike her parents, Samuel and Patsy McLeod, Mary, who was the 15th of 17 children, was born free. For many years after the end of slavery, Marys family continued to work as sharecroppers on the plantation of former master William McLeod until they could afford to build a farm. Eventually, the family had enough money to erect a log cabin on a small plot of farmland they called Homestead. Despite their freedom, Patsy still did laundry for her former owner and Mary often accompanied her mother to deliver the wash. Mary loved going because she was allowed to play with the toys of the owners grandchildren. On one particular visit, Mary picked up a book- only to have it ripped from her hands by a white child, who screamed that Mary wasnt supposed to read. Later in life, Mary said that this experience had inspired her to learn to read and write. Early Education At a young age, Mary was working up to 10 hours a day, often in the fields picking cotton. When she was 7, a black Presbyterian missionary named Emma Wilson visited Homestead. She asked Samuel and Patsy if their children could attend the school she was establishing. The parents could afford to send only one child, and Mary was chosen to become the first member of her family to attend school. This opportunity would change Mary’s life. Eager to learn, Mary walked 10 miles a day to attend the one-room Trinity Mission School. If there was time after chores, Mary taught her family whatever she had learned that day. Mary studied at the mission school for four years and graduated at the age of 11. With her studies completed and no means to further her education, Mary returned to her familys farm to work in the cotton fields. A Golden Opportunity Still working a year after graduation, Mary fretted about missing additional educational opportunities- a dream that now seemed hopeless. Ever since the McLeod familys only mule had died, forcing Marys father to mortgage Homestead to buy another mule, money in the McLeod household had been even scarcer than before. Luckily for Mary, a Quaker teacher in Denver, Colorado, named Mary Chrisman had read about the blacks-only Mayesville school. As a sponsor of the Northern Presbyterian Churchs project to educate former slave children, Chrisman offered to pay tuition for one student to receive a higher education- and Mary was chosen. In 1888, 13-year-old Mary traveled to Concord, North Carolina, to attend the Scotia Seminary for Negro Girls. When she arrived at Scotia, Mary stepped into a world very different from her Southern upbringing, with white teachers sitting, talking, and eating with black teachers. At Scotia, Mary learned that through cooperation, whites and blacks could live in harmony. Studies Study of the Bible, American history, literature, Greek, and Latin filled Marys days. In 1890, the 15-year-old completed the Normal and Scientific Course, which certified her to teach. However, the course was the equivalent of todays associates degree, and Mary wanted more education. She continued her studies at the Scotia Seminary. Lacking money to travel home during summer vacations, the principal of Scotia found her jobs as a domestic with white families for which she earned a little money to send back to her parents. Mary graduated from Scotia Seminary in July 1894, but her parents, unable to get enough money together for a trip, did not attend the graduation. Shortly after graduation, Mary boarded a train in July 1894 with a scholarship to the Moody Bible Institute in Chicago, Illinois, again thanks to Mary Chrisman. Mary took courses that would help her qualify for missionary work in Africa. She also worked in Chicagos slums, feeding the hungry, assisting the homeless, and visiting prisons. Mary graduated from Moody in 1895 and immediately went to New York to meet with the Presbyterian Churchs mission board. The 19-year-old was devastated when she was told â€Å"coloreds† could not qualify as African missionaries. Becoming a Teacher With no options, Mary went home to Mayesville and worked as an assistant to her old teacher, Emma Wilson. In 1896, Mary moved to Augusta, Georgia, for an eighth-grade teaching job at the Haines Normal and Industrial Institute. The school was located in an impoverished area, and Mary came to realize that her missionary work was most needed in America, not Africa. She began to seriously consider founding her own school. In 1898, the Presbyterian board sent Mary to Sumter, Carolinas Kindell Institute. A gifted singer, Mary joined the choir of the local Presbyterian church and met teacher Albertus Bethune at a rehearsal. The two started courting and in May 1898, 23-year-old Mary married Albertus and moved to Savannah, Georgia. Mary and her husband found teaching positions, but she stopped teaching when she became pregnant, and he began selling menswear. Mary gave birth to son Albertus McLeod Bethune, Jr. in February 1899. Later that year, a Presbyterian minister convinced Mary to accept a mission-school teaching position in Palatka, Florida. The family lived there  for five years, and Mary began selling insurance policies for Afro-American Life. (In 1923, Mary founded Tampas Central Life Insurance, becoming the companys CEO in 1952.) Plans were announced in 1904 to build a railroad in northern Florida. Aside from the project creating jobs, Mary saw an opportunity to open a school for migrant families- envisioning funds coming from the wealthy of Daytona Beach. Mary and her family headed to Daytona and rented a run-down cottage for $11 a month. But the Bethunes had arrived in a city where blacks were lynched every week. Their new home was in the poorest neighborhood, but it was here that Mary wanted to establish her school for black girls. Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute On October 4, 1904, 29-year-old Mary McLeod Bethune opened the Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute with only $1.50 and five 8- to 12-year-old girls, and her son. Each child paid 50 cents a week for a uniform and to receive rigorous training in religion, business, academics, and industrial skills. Bethune often lectured to raise funds for her school and recruit students, emphasizing education to achieve self-sufficiency. But Jim Crow was law and the KKK was again raging. Lynching was common. Bethune received a visit from the Klan over the formation of her school. Tall and hefty, Bethune stood resolutely in the doorway, and the Klan left without causing harm. Many black women were impressed once they heard Bethune speak about the importance of education; they too wanted to learn. To teach adults, Bethune provided evening classes, and by 1906, Bethunes school boasted a 250-student enrollment. She bought the adjacent building to accommodate expansion. However, Mary McLeod Bethunes husband Albertus never shared her vision for the school. The two could not reconcile on this point, and Albertus left the family in 1907 to return to South Carolina, where he died in 1919 of tuberculosis. School Growth Bethunes goal was to create a top-rated school where students would acquire the requisite needed to succeed in life. She provided agricultural training so that students would learn how to grow and sell their own food. Accepting everyone who wanted education caused major overcrowding; however, Bethune was determined to keep her school afloat. She purchased more property from a dumpsites owner for $250, paying $5 a month. Students hauled junk away from the place they named Hells Hole. Bethune also swallowed her pride and decided to solicit aid from rich whites. Her tenacity paid off when James Gamble (of Proctor and Gamble) paid to build a brick schoolhouse. In October 1907, Mary moved her school to the four-story building she named Faith Hall. People were often moved to give due to Bethunes powerful speaking and passion for black education. For example, the owner of White Sewing Machines made a large donation to build a new hall and included Bethune in his will. In 1909, Bethune went to New York and was introduced to Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, and Guggenheim. Rockefeller created a scholarship program for Mary through his foundation. Angry at the absence of healthcare for blacks in Daytona, Bethune built her own 20-bed hospital on campus. The consummate fundraiser hosted a bazaar, raising $5,000. Famed industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie donated. With this support, Bethune focused on acquiring accreditation as a college. Her proposal was rejected by the all-white board, who believed an elementary education was sufficient for blacks. Bethune again sought the help of powerful allies, and in 1913 the board approved junior-college accreditation. Merger Bethune maintained her Head, Hands, and Heart teaching philosophy and the overcrowded school kept growing. To expand, the 45-year-old Bethune hopped on her bike, going door-to-door soliciting contributions and selling sweet potato pies. However, the 20-acre campus still struggled financially, and in 1923 Bethune decided to merge the school with the Cookman Institute for Men in Jacksonville, Florida, which doubled student enrollment to 600. The school became the Bethune-Cookman College in 1929, and Bethune served until 1942 as the first black female college president. Women’s Rights Bethune believed that raising the status of African-American women was key to elevating the race; thus, beginning in 1917, she formed clubs championing the causes of black women. The Florida Federation of Colored Women and the Southeastern Federal of Colored Women addressed important topics of the era. A constitutional amendment granted black women voting rights in 1920, and an overjoyed Bethune got busy organizing a voter registration drive. This roused the ire of Klansmen, who threatened her with violence. Bethune urged calmness and courage, leading the women in exercising their hard-won privilege. In 1924, Bethune defeated Ida B. Wells, with whom she had a contentious relationship over teaching methods, to become president of the 10,000-strong National Association of Colored Women (NACW). Bethune traveled often, singing and speaking to raise money, not only for her college but also to move the NACW’s headquarters to Washington, D.C. In 1935, Bethune founded the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW). The organization sought to address discrimination, thereby improving every facet of African-American life. Advisor to Presidents Bethune’s successes did not go unnoticed. After she returned to her school in October 1927 from a European vacation, she attended a brunch at the home of New York governor Franklin Delano Roosevelt. This began a lifelong friendship between Bethune and the governors wife Eleanor. A year later, it was U.S. President Calvin Coolidge who wanted Bethune’s advice. Later, Herbert Hoover sought Bethunes thoughts on racial affairs and appointed her to various committees. In October 1929, Americas stock market crashed, and black men were the first to be fired. Black women became primary breadwinners, working in jobs of servitude. The Great Depression increased racial hostility, but Bethune ignored established mores by frequently speaking out. Her outspokenness caused journalist Ida Tarbell to deem her one of Americas most influential women in 1930. When Franklin Roosevelt became president, he created several programs for blacks and appointed Bethune as his advisor of minority affairs. In June 1936, Bethune became the first black woman to head a federal office as director of the Division of Negro Affairs of the National Youth Association (NYA). In 1942, Bethune assisted the war secretary during World War II in creating the Womens Army Corps (WAC), lobbying for black women military officers. From 1935 to 1944, Bethune advocated passionately for African-Americans to receive equal consideration under the New Deal. Bethune also assembled a black think tank for weekly strategy meetings at her home. On October 24, 1945, President Harry Truman chose Bethune to attend the United Nations founding convention. Bethune was the only black female delegate, and the event was the highlight of her life. Death Failing health forced Bethune into retirement from government service. She went home, maintaining only certain club affiliations, and wrote books and articles. Knowing death was near, Mary penned My Last Will and Testament, in which she summed up her lifes achievements. The will read, I leave you love. I leave you hope. I leave you a thirst for education. I leave you racial dignity, a desire to live harmoniously- and a responsibility to our young people. On May 18, 1955, 79-year-old Mary McLeod Bethune died of a heart attack and was buried on the grounds of her beloved school. A simple marker reads, Mother. Legacy Against all odds, Bethune greatly improved the lives of African-Americans through education, political involvement, and economic enablement. In 1974, a sculpture of Bethune teaching children was erected in Washington D.C.s Lincoln Park, making her the first African-American to receive such an honor. The United States Postal Service issued a stamp commemorating Bethune in 1985. Today, her legacy lives on through the college that bears her name. Sources Bethune, Mary McLeod, et al.  Mary McLeod Bethune: Building a Better World: Essays and Selected Documents. Indiana University Press, 2001.Kelley, Samuel L.  Faith, Hope and Charity: Mary McLeod Bethune. Xlibris Corporation, 2014.

University of Akron Admissions and Acceptance Rate

University of Akron Admissions and Acceptance Rate The University of Akrons acceptance rate is high- 93 percent of applicants were accepted in 2017. The school requires test scores as part of the application; both the SAT and ACT are accepted, although the majority of applicants submit ACT scores. The writing portions of these tests are recommended but not required. The application form from the university does not require a formal essay. You can calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2017) University of Akron Acceptance Rate: 93 percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for UA AdmissionsTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Evidence-Based Reading and Writing: 510 / 640SAT Math: 480 / 640What these SAT numbers meanState of Ohio SAT comparison chartMid-American SAT comparisonACT Composite: 19 / 26ACT English: 17 / 25ACT Math: 18 / 26What these ACT numbers meanState of Ohio ACT comparison chartMid-American ACT comparison University of Akron Description The University of Akrons main campus occupies 222 acres in metropolitan Akron, Ohio. Originally affiliated with the Universalist church, the school is now non-denominational. The school also has two regional campuses- Wayne College and Medina County University Center. Academics at the main campus are supported by a respectable 18 to 1 student / faculty ratio. Popular majors for undergraduates include Accounting, Education, Marketing, and Nursing. The colleges strengths in engineering and business have been recognized in several national rankings. The university completed $300 million of construction in 2004 to expand and upgrade campus facilities. High achieving students should check out the universitys Honors College. In athletics, the Akron Zips (Whats a Zip?) compete in the NCAA Division I  Mid-American Conference. Popular sports include Football, Soccer, and Track and Field.   Enrollment (2017) Total Enrollment: 20,169  (16,872  undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 53  percent male / 47 percent female80 percent full-time Costs (2017-18) Tuition and Fees: $10,270  (in-state); $18,801  (out-of-state)Books: $1,000 (why so much?)Room and Board: $12,296Other Expenses: $2,520Total Cost: $26,086 (in-state); $34,617 (out-of-state) University of Akron Financial Aid (2016 -17) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 93  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 85  percentLoans: 62 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $7,816Loans: $7,205 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Criminal Justice, Early Childhood Education, Marketing, Mechanical Engineering, Nursing, Organizational Communication, Psychology, Social WorkWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation, Retention and Transfer Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 73 percentTransfer Out Rate: 36 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 17  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 43  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Track and Field, Football, Soccer, Cross Country, Baseball, Basketball, GolfWomens Sports:  Swimming, Tennis, Volleyball, Cross Country, Basketball, Track and Field, Golf, Softball, Soccer Data Sources: National Center for Education Statistics and the University of Akron website

U.S. War on Terror and Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

U.S. War on Terror and Africa - Essay Example While some causes are internal, others are due to external factors that come as a result of the relationship between Africa and other countries in the world. Examples of major crises that have happened include genocide (e.g. Rwanda genocide of the 90s), rules of dictatorship and recently a string of terrorist attacks among others. The worst blood-letting in the period of the twentieth century happened during the colonial era in King Leopold’s Congo Free State (Leavitt and Nathan 14).The costs of these conflicts cannot be in doubt nor the need and urgency to solve them. This should happen rapidly if Africa is to navigate the current century more successfully than it did the previous century. The last century was marked by colonialism- related degradations and its debilitating legacies and post-colonial disruptions. This paper purposes to advance the understanding of African conflicts that result from terrorism, genocide, and other conflicts and how the United States has respond ed to the same. For over a decade, the United States has considered the Horn of Africa, as well as other parts as a significant zone in matters concerning terrorism. Major terrorist attacks that have occurred in Africa have been linked to other terror attacks in the United States (Ba 341). For example, in 1998 there was bombing of the United States Embassy in Kenya that caused a great number of casualties. Following the attacks that occurred on September 11th 2001 against the United States, the horn has been consistently scrutinised as a strategic focal point in United States War against terrorism. For instance, in May 2003, the government of Kenya admitted that a key member of the al-Qaeda group was plotting a major attack on Western targets, confirming al Gaea’s firm presence in the country. Djibouti’s importance to agents of terrorism is a result of its transit capabilities and events since 1999, may have increased Djibouti’s

Lifeboat ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lifeboat ethics - Essay Example This can lead to confusing spaceship ethics with the life boat idea. On the Spaceship Earth, nations can be divided into two categories rich nations – the most powerful- and poor nations. Two thirds of the Earth’s population lives in poor nations, only a third lives in rich nations. The United States is the wealthiest nation on Earth. Everyone sees the rich nations as lifeboats. The rich one third represents the lifeboats; and the two thirds are trying to get to one of these lifeboats. In order to get in any lifeboat we first have to realize its capacity. The lifeboat has a capacity, which limits how many people can get into it. In addition, we cannot exceed the capacity; if we exceed capacity then we will lose our safety factor and everyone therein will drown. The cruel ethics of the lifeboat becomes crueler, when we take into consideration the reproductive differences between the rich and poor nations. Rich nations are doubling every 87 years, while the poor nations double almost every 35 years. Hardin gives an example that shows the population of the United States equal to another population made of seven poor countries. Suppose that the U.S currently agrees to share its recourses with them. At first the ratio would be one-to-one, but in the future the poor countries’ populations are going to double faster than the United States’ population, then each American would have to share what he/she has with more than eight people. Consequently, a nation’s needs are determined by their population size. Another important point Hardin argues about in his article is the tragedy of commons. When properties become public, everyone would have the right to use it. Thereafter, everyone would suffer because of overloading the commons. Otherwise, everyone would say his/her needs are greater. Overloading of the commons results into destruction of the facilities and

Native American culture Essay Example for Free

Native American culture Essay Native Americans were influenced by the environment, plants, and animals in the areas in which they settled. Some practices were influenced over time by migration and contact with other tribes along trade routes. Many tribes used herbs and seeds gathered from their immediate environment and from hunting excursions for healing rituals or ceremonies. Many Native medicine practices were lost or driven underground because they were banned or illegal in parts of the United States until 1987; when the American Indian Religious Freedom Act was passed. In 1987 there were difficulties with ceremonies and rituals on sacred sites, as ritual activities are sometimes forbidden because the land now serves other purposes. Today, Native American and American Indian community-based medical systems still practices some Native American healing rituals, while others secretly practice in their homes and refuse to use conventional medicine. Those who grew up within the Native American culture still apply what they learned or grew up with, which is healing spiritually along with their illnesses. They do not believe in modern medicine and question any of the practices that are available now. Native Americans tap into the knowledge gained from their ancestors and prefer to â€Å"sweat it out† instead of giving in to conventional medicine. Beliefs and Practices. With this in mind, the Native American culture carries the understanding that the harmonious balance between oneself, man and nature is sophisticated and should not only exist, but it needs to be respected. Rituals and practices bring participants into harmony with themselves, their tribe and all of life. There is a belief that violating tribal laws carries consequences to include mental and physical illness, ongoing bad luck, disability or trauma. Any violations must be made right in order for harmony and good health to be restored. Among Native Americans, the idea remains that the sickness and illness that one experiences is related to a spiritual cause, and in turn creates a disparity between mind, body and spirit. Native Americans deem their bodies as an expression of the spirit and just as each person has to keep harmony with oneself, each person is responsible for his or her own health and also recognizing that all thoughts and action (negative or positive) carries consequences; creating either harmony or disharmony. Any disharmony or disparity may cause illnesses. Native Americans believe that they are related to and intertwined with all forms of life; therefore they can call on or evoke spirits, which strengthens their inner being and can be called upon to render assistance; further emphasizing why harmony and oneness in the Native American culture is a necessity. The Native American philosophy recognizes that there are various aspects of natural world that cannot be seen by the naked eye or with any form of technology, but can only be experienced spiritually. Furthermore, Native American healing also includes a variety of practices; such as religion, spirituality, herbal medicine and rituals to treat people with medical and emotional conditions; including the use of sweat baths, usually in a â€Å"sweat lodge† to purify, cleanse and allow participants to emerge reborn. The lodge is a darkened enclosure heated with stones from a fire and represents the warm moist heat of the womb, allowing them to be renewed into the Light of the world. They also wear medicine bags, which are painted or beaded with designs and patterns for the wearer; this is done to entice the spirit of the animal figure of symbol. Most medicine bags usually contain common object such as stones, ash from a ceremony fire, roots and barks, herbs, feathers, dirt from a ceremonial ground, or wood from a tree struck by lightning. Native Americans primarily used herbs to correct and to fix the mind, body and spirit; for example, sage is believed to protect against bad spirits, heal the stomach, nasal passages, colon and kidneys; cedar is used for coughs and forehead colds and sacred or pure tobacco which allows their breath, the source of life to become visible; rising up to the Great Spirit carrying prayers. Native American healing practices differ greatly, as there are over five hundred and the type of ritual is based on their Native American Nations, which are called tribes. There are many tribal differences and the most sacred traditions are still kept secret, passed from one healer to the next. The most common healing ritual involves herbal remedies which can include teas, tinctures, and salves. For example, one remedy for pain can be treated with bark from a willow tree which contains acetylsalicylic acid also known as aspirin. Native American medicine addresses imbalance on every level of life, from the most personal inner life to the most overt behavior. Some illnesses are believed to be caused by angry spirits; a healer would perform a ritual to cleanse this person and them. Disease is not defined by physical pathology, but viewed from an expanded context that includes body, mind, spirit, emotions, social group, and lifestyle. Most Native Americans believe that illnesses come from spiritual problems and that their healing practices can cure almost anything. Some healers are believed to have cured heart disease, diabetes, thyroid problems, asthma, and cancer. Scientifically, there is no evidence that supports that Native American healers or herbalists can cure cancer or any diseases and there have been no scientific studies that have supported those claims. On the other hand, individual reports suggest that it can reduce pain and stress and improve quality of life and Native and non-Native Americans alikesuggest that these methods really do work for a range of physical and emotional ailments, including heart disease, diabetes, thyroid conditions, cancer, skin rashes, asthma, alcoholism, and depression. Native Americans use a wide variety of treatments such as herbal remedies, purifying rituals, shamanism, and symbolic healing rituals to treat illnesses of both the body and spirit. Native Americans rely heavily on herbal remedies which are used to treat physical conditions, whereas purifying rituals are used to cleanse and prepare the body for healing. Shamanism refers to the belief and practice of communication with the spiritual world. Shamans are intermediaries between the human and spiritual world and treat sickness and diseases by healing the spirit. Symbolic healing rituals use ceremonies involves the community and sometimes included chanting, singing, painting bodies, dancing, exorcisms, sand paintings, and limited use of mind-altering substances can be incorporated into the ritual to persuade the spirits to heal the sick person. These rituals can last hours or even weeks and are a way of asking for help from the spiritual dimension and the healing treatments are usually a slow process, spread over days or weeks. The person who is ill is with the healer most of the time to make sure that the healer can connect with the spirit of the one who is ill. Prayer is also an essential part of all Native American healing technique. Most Native Americans see their healers for spiritual reasons, such as to seek guidance, truth, balance, reassurance, and spiritual well-being and call conventional medicine a cure to the â€Å"white man’s illness. † They prefer to use spiritual healers and native remedies in place of conventional medicine. Conclusion Finally, Native American health beliefs and practices as patients and as medical professionals can have an adverse effect. Healers and family members perform or participate in ceremonies to rid patients of bad spirits, or offer song and prayer in blessing a room where someone has died, but modern medicine, also known as the cure to the â€Å"white man’s illness† still has to intervene. This intervention is frequently a must as herbs and potions used by herbalists, medicine men and women may have not been thoroughly tested to find out how they interact with medicines, foods, or dietary supplements. When a Native American physician goes to see a patient, due to strong cultural doctrines and beliefs, eye contact is avoided and speaks in third person when delivering a difficult diagnosis. If the patient does not inquire about the chances of survival, nothing is said about it. Strongly held Navajo cultural tenets do not allow directly linking a person to an illness and its consequences. To do so could be interpreted as wishing harm. Cultural deference only goes so far; ultimately, the patient has the right to know everything and all options for treatment in order to make an informed decision. Nowadays, Native American patients may seek medicine men for encouragement and to restore their spirituality, yet they also must put faith in modern doctors. Bridging the cultural chasm between physicians and traditional healers is seen as essential for improving care to the Native American population. Although Native American healing has not been shown to cure disease, anecdotal reports suggest that it can reduce pain and stress, and improve quality of life. Also, due to the limitations in the studies that were conducted, it is impossible to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of Native American healing, consequently requiring more clinical studies to confirm the benefits of the specific healing methods. Regardless, the communal support provided by this type of healing could have beneficial effects. Prayers, introspection, herbal remedies native ceremonies, rituals and meditation can be calming, reduces stress and can create a lifetime of comfort, benefit and peace of mind for those who live and believe in it.

Classic Tales Of Tom Sawyer :: essays research papers

Classic Tales of Tom Sawyer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Grudgingly going through the motions of reading page after page of a book while pretending to be interested is not a pleasurable way to spend time. Reading a book with a weak plot, dull setting, and lifeless characters requires much effort. Unfortunately, many books are like this. Some books are not as difficult to read and enjoy, but only a tiny percentage of books deserve enough to wear the classification of â€Å"classic,† like The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finding out what makes a piece of literary work a â€Å"classic† is essential to fully understanding the significance of the books. In The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain successfully brings the story alive and makes it a pleasure to read. This book has gained the respect of people all over the world and earned itself this special distinction, because it contains the necessary substance. These integral ingredients of a classic are the vivid descriptions of the physical aspects of the story – the characters and setting, an entertaining and eventful plot, and the lasting truths the story's themes express.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The most vivid memories of this story come from the striking descriptions of the physical aspects of the story. Mark Twain immediately brings the story to life with his introduction of the characters and their surroundings. From here, the familiarity of the characters and setting continues to grow. The depictions of the characters, both in mannerisms and dialogue, are so picturesque that Tom's superstitions and fantasies soon cause no great surprises, Aunt Polly's religious sayings and hidden affection for her â€Å" mischeevous† Tom come to be expected, and Sid's sly attacks on Tom appear deserving of Tom's revenge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The unique setting of St. Petersburg on the Mississippi River provides a suitable background for all of the characters' adventures. With McDougal's Cave's â€Å"vast labyrinth of crooked aisles† nearby, the pirates' hideaway island along with the old haunted house, Tom is situated in a setting worthy of his activities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second needed portion of a classic is a captivating plot that appeals to people of all ages. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer has no lack of this enchantment. Tom's â€Å"giddy and harum-scarum† devilment, his romance with Becky Thatcher, and Aunt Polly's masked feelings for Tom all provide for an especially entertaining and humorous sample of life on the Mississippi River in the 1800s. As the story progresses, despite the many changes of scenery, the reader relates comfortably with the characters, their personalities and the surroundings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Disguised in the events of the plot are the themes the author wishes to express. These themes in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer are not explicitly stated,

Bioautobiography

I am, Where I’m From: My Socioautobiography Cosme Ramos SOCS185 W5 Socioautobiography Abstract Who am I? Born in a small island, raised in over populated city, now living on the opposite corner of the nation, traveled all over the world, seen cultures and places most only dream off. How where my morals, views, and opinions shaped by my surroundings as child, and how have they changed as I matured? What influenced those changes? These are just a few of questions I look to explore as I write my Socioautobiography. I am, Where I’m From: My SocioautobiographyMy name is Cosme Ramos, Born in Ponce, Puerto Rico on the 31st January 1976. Parents are both Puerto Ricans (which in reality means mixed, Indian, Black African, and European). Not until third grade did we migrate to the United States, in search of opportunities and a more stable future. Being of a Hispanic decent made family a very important role, thus it was my primary group the only thing that was constant throughout or moves first from Puerto Rico to New York, and eventually to New Jersey where my immediate family still resides to this day.As a kid the change was drastic, life in Puerto Rico was more of the rural type, big yards, vegetation everywhere, smiling faces and friendly people. In the states, things were a bit different, now we co-inhabited with family we barely knew, in a small condo like apartment with no yard, and the only vegetation we would get to see is that on the highway mediums culture shock does not even begin explain the disorientation felt as a kid under those circumstances. Not to mention the language barrier that was by far the biggest hurdle.If it wasn’t for the strong bond and close knit Hispanic community the adjustments would have been ten times harder. Within months we were settled in Newark, N. J. parents had good luck found stable jobs enrolled in school now my biggest focus was that of going from a straight â€Å"A’s† student, to not even spe aking the language. I had 6 months to learn and master the English language to the level that at the end of the school year I would be proficient enough to not be set back.With the aid of my third grade teacher I was scored on the top 10% of the third graders in the district and graduated third grade as if I was no different than anyone else in my age group. These changes and conflicts that I had to endure were not as big of an impact on my younger brother who was barely starting preschool, and was able to adjust at a more lenient pace and to him English might as well be his first language and my sister the youngest was born years after in New Jersey. (TCO 4 and TCO 6).Let’s fast forward to end of middle school, early high school years, being a teen ager in the inner city of Newark N. J. (Brick city as referred to by many) day to day life was a struggle against the stigma that if you were African American or Hispanic, from Newark, and lived in lower income part of town, then you are, were or will be a criminal. Remember back in Puerto Rico, we lived in an environment where one could leave the house and car open, not worry about thieves, vandalism or anything of that sort.Now I couldn’t walk to bus stop from my house without being hassled by drug dealers trying to add you to their payroll and have you work for them, or addicts trying to see if you were a dealer, not to mention having to dodge stolen cars being chased by the cops, and the ever seldom shoot outs. It is now apparent to me that gender role and ascribed status was what drove the stigma mentioned above. As the women or even the girls were not normally out and about around the neighborhood, they were homebodies per say.Everyone just assumed it was who we were, based on where we lived, and many of those who lived there just accepted such fate and found it easier to conform and fulfill their role in the society they were expected to. (TCO 5 and TCO 6). Now in high school, a very impression able adolescent, (remember this was before the computer age) the mass-media primarily consisted of television and movies, neither of which at the time where attempting to lesser the negative views of the society I was ascribed to.Soon I had a choice to make, do I too conform to the same as my peers, or do I dare attempt to make break the mold as they say by trying to conduct vertical mobility in the stratification system that many felt entrapped within. Being that I had gone thru so much, from seeing the state of poorness that lead my parents to give it all up in Puerto Rico and pursue a better, un-guaranteed and un-certain future, or maybe it the feeling that I could achieve anything I put my mind to (proven to me by my third grade teacher as she thought me not just the English language, but did it by making me learn how to think in English and ot Spanish) these factors and seeing how the economical state of the city I grew up in was deteriorating I decided to be deviant not accept my place in a decaying society and that I would join the military. My decision was sustained with the thought that, if anything, I would at least do it for the college money, and to explore the vast world that intrigued me so much. (TCO 5 and TCO 6).September 6 1994, not 3 months after graduating high school, I was en-route to boot camp, the Navy was the poison of choice many thought, some including my parents never thought I’d go thru with it, being a shy, quiet, smart, nerdy type I was told after the fact that â€Å"they never thought I’d last†. Growing up in very multi-racial city environment, I grew up with I’d say about 90% African American kids, maybe 5% Hispanic and the rest white or other, racial discrimination to me was as foreign and alien as anything could be.Not long after being in boot camp, did I happen to run into it though. Even took me a while to recognize what was going on around me. Racial inequality has ever since been something that has fascinated me, the fact that some people can be so ignorant and or closed minded that this age and time still feel are better or more privileged than others solely based on race. 18 ? years later, here I am, still in the Navy, to the shock of many.I saw the challenges and glass ceilings imposed on me by my peers, supervisors, coworkers and even at some point my parents, to fuel my motivation. I see now using my sociological imagination that they made a functionalist out of me. To this day, I deal with discrimination, not just race, or gender related, I deal with discrimination in many forms, and stigmatized in just as many also, from being a bike rider, to the rank I wear on my collar or the current job description or being from the east coast to mention a few.But now I view such acts as positive influences that fuel me to achieve that which I’m told, or insinuated I can’t. (TCO 1 and TCO 5). In conclusion, I am, Where I’m From.. I’d like to think eve n though I am no longer the shy, timid, quiet, in-experienced child that once struggled in understanding those around him, or that had to accompany his parents translating for them as they applied for subsidiary assistance . I do remember the strong cohesiveness of my family, and the dedication to each other through times of struggle.Giving up was never something I witness my elders doing, and it’s something I am not well at doing either. Life has, more often than not thought me lessons the hard way, but some say those are the lessons you never forget. I have mostly learned leaving home at 17 years to travel abroad with the Navy, that even those who think they have it bad here in the states, still have it much better than many in other countries. Even if you are held down, or even put down by others, it is only ones’ self that can limit what we can achieve.Do others have it easier than some, yes, but that is life and it’s up to the individuals to either make bes t or worst of the situation they are dealt. As an adult I still strive to be better today than I was yesterday, and even if it’s a small minute difference, it just might be enough for some kid to see, and think I too can become anything I want, I don’t have to live in a 20 mile radius of where I was born, I don’t have to become a criminal just because I’m thought of as one.If all I make is a small impression in someone to fuel their drive, then I’d like to think it was all worth it. As my friends say, â€Å"from the old broken down brick city, the strong survive†. References Schaefer, R. T. (2011). Sociology: A Brief Introduction, 9th Edition. McGraw-Hill Learning Solutions, New York, NY Lewis, P. (2013). Introduction to Sociology and the Study of Culture. Retrieved from Lecture Notes Online Web site: http://www. devryu. net

Liberalism

This week essay based on Gerald Macaulay, last week's articles Essay Assignment November 4th Instructions, Guidelines Topics Opinion based on research (secondary) Extension of a week to November 1 lath for any reason 1. What are ideologies 2. Key Feature of Ideologies 3. What Is â€Å"special† about Ideologies? 4. What is the history of the concept? 5. Positive vs.. Negative conception of ideology 6.Complications of studying them What are ideologies? Competing conceptual frameworks Clusters/composites of political beliefs, values and ideas a pattern of social, political, economic, technological and philosophical beliefs that help us organize the world around us. † P. X Grounded in beliefs about human nature and social possibility (what is, and what could be) What do Ideologies do?Explain or Inform – what Is going on? Judge-what should I think about this? Guide political actions- what should do about this? Inform social relations-Who are my allies? My enemies? What Is my relationship to other In this? Etc. Key Features of ideologies Historically contingent-constantly changing/shifting Changes In central concepts (meanings) and also In relation of concepts to other concepts (e. G. Allegations of freedom to equality) Include â€Å"core† and â€Å"adjacent† concepts Both rational and emotional Normative and prescriptive In various affinities/alliances with each other (historically shifting) Include a spectrum of views Frequently claim to be true, to be non-ideological 1 OFF Differentiating ideologies from political theories/philosophies 1) Typicality 2) Influence 3) Conceptual Creativity 4) Communicability History of Ideologies Link to democracy, to concern with public opinion ) As a scientific term of study.

Biography of Dmitri Mendeleev, Periodic Table Inventor

Biography of Dmitri Mendeleev, Periodic Table Inventor Dmitri Mendeleev  (February 8, 1834–February 2, 1907) was a Russian scientist best known for devising the modern periodic table of elements. Mendeleev also made major contributions to other areas of chemistry, metrology (the study of measurements), agriculture, and industry. Fast Facts: Dmitri Mendeleev Known For: Creating the Periodic Law and Periodic Table of the ElementsBorn: February 8, 1834 in Verkhnie Aremzyani,  Tobolsk Governorate,  Russian EmpireParents: Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev, Maria Dmitrievna KornilievaDied: February 2, 1907 in Saint Petersburg, Russian EmpireEducation: Saint Petersburg UniversityPublished Works:  Principles of ChemistryAwards and Honors:  Davy Medal, ForMemRS  Spouse(s): Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva, Anna Ivanovna PopovaChildren: Lyubov, Vladimir, Olga, Anna, IvanNotable Quote: I saw in a dream a table where all elements fell into place as required. Awakening, I immediately wrote it down on a piece of paper, only in one place did a correction later seem necessary. Early Life Mendeleev was born on February 8, 1834, in Tobolsk, a town in Siberia, Russia. He was the youngest of a large Russian Orthodox Christian family. The exact size of the family is a matter of dispute, with sources putting the number of siblings between 11 and 17. His father was Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev, a glass manufacturer, and his mother was Dmitrievna Kornilieva. In the same year that Dmitri was born, his father went blind. He died in 1847. His mother took on the management of the glass factory, but it burned down just a year later. To provide her son with an education, Dmitris mother brought him to St. Petersburg and enrolled him in the Main Pedagogical Institute. Soon after, Dmitris mother died. Education Dmitri graduated from the Institute in 1855 and then went on to earn a masters degree in education. He received a fellowship from the government to continue his studies and moved to the University of Heidelberg in Germany. There, he decided not to work with Bunsen and Erlenmeyer, two distinguished chemists, and instead set up his own laboratory at home. He attended the International Chemistry Congress and met many of Europes top chemists. In 1861, Dmitri went back to St. Petersburg to earn his P.hd. He then became a chemistry professor at the University of St. Petersburg. He continued to teach there until 1890. The  Periodic Table of the Elements Dmitri found it hard to find a good chemistry textbook for his classes, so he wrote his own. While writing his textbook, Principles of Chemistry, Mendeleev found that if you arrange the elements in order of increasing atomic mass, their chemical properties demonstrated definite trends.  He called this discovery the Periodic Law, and stated it in this way: When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically. Drawing on his understanding of element characteristics, Mendeleev arranged the known elements in an eight-column grid. Each column represented a set of elements with similar qualities. He called the grid the periodic  table of the elements. He presented his grid and his periodic law to the Russian Chemical Society in 1869. The only real difference between his table and the one we use today is that Mendeleevs table ordered elements by increasing atomic weight, while the present table is ordered by increasing atomic number. Mendeleevs table had blank spaces where he predicted three unknown elements, which turned out to be germanium, gallium, and scandium. Based on the periodic properties of the elements, as shown in the table, Mendeleev predicted properties of eight elements in total, which had not even been discovered. Writing and Industry While Mendeleev is remembered for his work in chemistry and the formation of the Russian Chemical Society, he had many other interests. He wrote more than 400 books and articles on topics in popular science and technology. He wrote for ordinary people, and helped create a library of industrial knowledge. He worked for the Russian government and became the director of the Central Bureau of Weights and Measures. He became very interested in the study of measures and did a great deal of research on the subject. Later, he published a journal. In addition to his interests in chemistry and technology, Mendeleev was interested in helping to develop Russian agriculture and industry. He traveled around the world to learn about the petroleum industry and helped Russia to develop its oil wells. He also worked to develop the Russian coal industry. Marriage and Children Mendeleev was married twice. He wed Feozva Nikitchna Leshcheva in 1862, but the couple divorced after 19 years. He married Anna Ivanova Popova the year after the divorce, in 1882. He had a total of six children from these marriages. Death In 1907 at age 72, Mendeleev died from the flu. He was living in St. Petersburg at the time. His last words, spoken to his doctor, reportedly were, Doctor, you have science, I have faith. This may have been a quote from the famous French writer Jules Verne. Legacy Mendeleev, despite his achievements, never won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In fact, he was passed over for the honor twice. He was, however, awarded the prestigious Davy Medal (1882) and ForMemRS (1892). The Periodic Table did not gain acceptance among chemists until Mendeleevs predictions for new elements were shown to be correct. After gallium was discovered in 1879 and germanium in 1886, it was clear that the table was extremely accurate. By the time of Mendeleevs death, the Periodic Table of Elements was internationally recognized as one of the most important tools ever created for the study of chemistry. Sources Bensaude-Vincent, Bernadette. â€Å"Dmitri Mendeleev.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 25 Feb. 2019.Gordon. â€Å"Mendeleev - the Man and His Legacy...†Ã‚  Education in Chemistry, 1 Mar. 2007.Libretexts. â€Å"The Periodic Law.†Ã‚  Chemistry LibreTexts, Libretexts, 24 Apr. 2019.

Mein Name Ist Hase - Ich wei Bescheid - German Idioms

Mein Name Ist Hase - Ich wei Bescheid - German Idioms Like actually every language, the German language has a variety of expressions that are not really easy to understand as their literal translation usually doesnt make any sense. Those are best learned in an appropriate context. I will present a few interesting German idioms to you and add a literal translation as well as a similar English expression below it and if available some etymological information. Auf gehts: Mein Name ist Hase, ich wei von nichts. Lit.:   My name is hare, I know of nothing.  Fig.: I don’t know about anythingWhere does this come from?This expression has nothing to do with hares, bunnies or any other animal. It has to do with a certain man named Victor von Hase. Hase was a law student in Heidelberg in the 19th century. He got into trouble with the law when he helped his friend flee to France after he shot another student in a duel. When Hase was asked in court what his involvement was, he declared: â€Å"Mein Name ist Hase; ich verneine die Generalfragen; ich weiß von nichts.† (My name is Hase; I negate the general questions; I know of nothing) From that phrase came the expression that is still in use today.Funny FactThere is a popular song from the1970s by Chris Roberts with the same title that you might enjoy: Mein Name ist Hase. Viele Hunde sind des Hasen Tod Many dogs are of-the hare deathMany hounds soon catch the hare.   There is not much one person can do against many. Sehen wie der Hase luft See how the hare runs.See how the wind blows Da liegt der Hase im Pfeffer There lies the hare in-the pepper.That’s the fly in the ointment. (A small annoyance that spoils the whole thing.) Ein alter Hase An old hare.An old-timer / old-stager Wie ein Kaninchen vor der Schlange stehen Like a rabbit in-fron-of the snake stand.A deer caught in the headlights Das Ei des Kolumbus The egg of-theL Columbus.An easy solution to a complex problem Man muss sie wie ein rohes Ei behandeln One has-to handle her like a raw egg.To handle someone with kid gloves. Er sieht aus, wie aus dem Ei gepellt He looks as if (he was) pealed out of the egg.When somebody looks well put-gether. Der ist ein richtiger Hasenfu Hes a real hare-foot.He’s chicken. Der ist ein Angsthase Hes a fear-hare.He’s chicken Er ist ein Eierkopf He’s an egghead. (Hes a thinker but in a negative way) Where does this come from?This expression comes from the prejudice that scientists very often have a (semi) bald head which then reminds us of an egg. EDITED: 15th of June 2015 by Michael Schmitz

Plate Techtonics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plate Techtonics - Essay Example According to this theory, the Earths crust is composed up of about a dozen plates or big rock slaps on which the continents and oceans lies. Plate tectonics explains the big scale movements of Earths lithosphere. The theory comprises the developed beliefs of continental drift, urbanized throughout the initial half of the 20th century, and seafloor scattering, understood during the 1960s Wiki (2008). The furthest part of the Earths center comprises two layers: top layer is the lithosphere which surrounds the coating and the inflexible topmost part of the layer. Inferior the lithosphere the asthenosphere lies. While the hard, the asthenosphere has comparatively small thickness and shear potency and is able to stream like a liquid on geological time scales. The inner deeper layer under the asthenosphere is extra rigid yet again due to the higher stress / pressure ThinkQuest(2008). The lithosphere is divided tectonic plates, if we talk about the Earth; there are 7 main and important plates and many small/ minor plates. These plates are frequently shifting their position because the surface under them, the boiling, hot, soft layer, is changing position gradually similar to a conveyor strap/ belt, determined by heat and other forces at work in the Earths core/ center. These plates or slaps are changing their positions or moving at speed of approximately a centimeter (0.5 inch) to 15 cm (6 inch) per year in diverse directions. In scientific notations this movement is called as â€Å"cross motion of the plates is naturally at rate of 50-100 mm/a† Wiki (2008). Now we talk about the Continental drift. It is the movement of or change in the position of the Earths continents compared to one another. The idea that continents drift was originally proposed by Abraham Ortelius in 1596 and was fully urbanized by Alfred Wegener in 1912. However it is fully developed after the advancement of the assumption of plate tectonics in the

Learning journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Learning journal - Essay Example Personal goal(s) setting gives a sense of direction in academics and helps to avoid distractions as they help to motivate the student and also raise the confidence level of the student a notch higher. The goals set should be sharp and clearly defined, goals the student can use to assess forward progress; how much do you want to earn and by what stage? What are the means or ways of achieving this? These among others are the questions that such a student asks himself. Then the best alternative is picked and focused on; it is also helpful to look at the successful individual in the field and borrow a leaf of what led to their success. Financial analyst in this case need to be vigilant always, having information on their fingertips regarding the economic situation regarding macro-economy, information on specific companies, fundamental micro-economics as well as read a lot widely so as to viable in the market. Background Data from the Bereau of Labor Statistics indicates that financial an alysts positions are expected to grow by 23 % between 2010 and 2020, this means 54,200 positions will open up. However, completion for the positions is fierce especially for new analyst hence the need to be relevant so as to be absorbed readily in the market. This means establish a student needs to establish his strengths in the field and polish them to be the best he can be. Median annual earnings in 2011 for financial analyst were $75,650 with the lowest paid 10 % earning $46,300 and the highest- paid 10 % earning $ 145,580; on average the highest paid in the profession work is Bridgeport Conn., New York City and San Francisco. According to research done in Hollywood, it portrays input of long hours one in three put 50-70 hours a week hence need for dedication and readiness to deliver. Among the extra skills needed in the field includes time management since the field is demanding as well as the readiness to work for long hours to reach a target and ensure client’s satisfac tion. Skills Analysis According to Mayes and Shank (2010, p. 2), proficiency in the use of software applications relevant to the field is one of the basic requirements which offer a stepping stone for a start in the field. Technology chances with time hence the need to be aware of the new applications and how to put them to use in the field. This can only be known if one makes the effort to go out and seek the information through the internet or reading the latest journals relevant to the field e.g. The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times, The Economists as well as other also financial websites which contain the information. Mostly the successful analysts in the field have to incorporate simple computer skills that are important during presentations and analysis. The use of spreadsheets, databases, PowerPoint presentations and other software applications are simple but essential tools for a successful financial analyst in the field today. Not only does a financial analyst need to put long hours in the practice, it is also essential to develop interpersonal relationships with other successful financial analysts who have the ability to mentor him in the same field. Interpersonal relationships nay also include relationships with supervisors and other junior analyst who may play a role in the social life of such

The Sensory Retail Environment of Small Fashion Essay

The Sensory Retail Environment of Small Fashion - Essay Example The paper "The Sensory Retail Environment of Small Fashion" discovers the experiential retailing as the way of retail brand differentiation. The researchers introduced the photographs, which were taken by the participants as a tool to give more information on the questions. This was effective because the participants were able to communicate dimensions of their lives. Visual images play an important role in the customer behavior in a commercial setting. The research design was suitable for this study, researcher compared two different vintage shop with contrasting sensory environment. Comparison why customer returned to one shop compared to the other. In addition, the sample size was small to gather more information on the question of the study. Interviews were used for this case study, which were long enough to ensure that the questions were satisfactory answered. In addition, there was telephone follow up for clarification of the information. The notes were written down to generate insights in the fashion retailing shop. The photographs were also used to support the written words to add meaning to the information communicated. The sample collection process within the participant was consistent. All participants were given similar digital camera and demonstrated how to use. In addition, the entire participants were met individually to ensure the information provided was according to their own experience. A photograph is very useful because it record things the way they look.

An Overview Of Servlets And JSP Technology Computer Science Essay

An Overview Of Servlets And JSP Technology Computer Science Essay JDBC is a front-end tool for connecting to a server and is similar to ODBC however, JDBC can connect only Java client and it uses ODBC for the connectivity. JDBC is essentially a low level application programming interface. It is called a low level API since any data manipulation, storage and retrieval has to be done by the program itself. Some tools that Provide a higher level of abstraction is expected shortly. The next question is why we need JDBC, once we have ODBC on hand. We can use the ODBC to connect to all the databases and ODBC is a proven technology. Problem for doing this is ODBC gives a C language API, which uses pointer extensively, since Java open JDBC to suit its needs. Jdbc Driver Tipes There are various types of driver, identified the sun such that each one has some unique features and facilitates a connection to the database. JDBC drivers fit into of four categories: The JDBC-ODBC bridge provides JDBC access via most ODBC drivers. Note that some ODBC binary code and in many cases database client code should be loaded on every client machine which uses this diver, so these types of drivers are more suitable in corporate networks, or for the applications in server code that is written in java 3-tier architecture. A local-API partly-java driver change JDBC calls to the client API for DBMS or oracle Sybase Informix DB2.since,like bridge driver these driver needs binary code be loaded on every client machine. A net protocol all java drivers explain JDBC calls into a DBMS-independent net protocol that transforms to a DBMS protocol through the server. This net server middleware is capable to join all java clients to different databases. The explicit protocol that is used depends on the seller. Commonly it is the easiest JDBC alternative. It is like the sellers for this solution may provide products that are suitable for the usage of intranet. To support internet access for these products they must need more extra requirements for security, access through firewalls, etc. many vendors are now adding up JDBC driver for their present database middleware products. A native protocol driver Jdbc Architecture JDBC architecture is as follows JDBC Driver Manager JDBC Diver JDBC-ODBC Bridge Application JDBC Driver Manager Function of the driver manager is to find out available driver in the system and connect the application to the appropriate database, whenever a connection is requested. However, to help the driver manager identify different types of drivers, each driver should be registered with the driver manager. JDBC Driver: Function of the JDBC driver is to accept the SQL calls from the application and convert them into native calls to the database,. However, in this process it may take help from some other drivers or even servers, which depends on the type of JDBC driver we are using. It also is possible that the total functionally of the database server could be built into the driver itself. JDBC ODBC Bridge: Sun soft provides a special JDBC Driver called JDBC-ODBC bridge which can be used to connect any existing database, that is ODBC complaint. Servlet and JSP technology has become the technology of choice for developing online stores, interactive Web applications, and other dynamic Web sites. Why? This chapter gives a high-level overview of the reasons for its popularity. Later chapters specific details on programming techniques. A Servlets Job Servlet or java programs which run on application servers, acts as middle layer among the requests coming from http Clients or web browsers and applications or database on the http server. Their work is to work on the following tasks. Reading the use full information that is sent by the client. The users generally enter this data in http from a web page. Even the data can also be expected to come from an applet or custom http client program. Chapter 4 discusses how servlet read this data. Reading HTTP requests sent by the browser. This single arrow shows that travelling from the client to the web server, but mainly they are two different types, the data which is entered by the user in a form and the other one is behind-the-scenes HTTP information, both of them are very important. The HTTP information which contain cookies, news about media and the schemes the browser can understand like compression. Getting the results. This process is needed for ,database to contact, to make an RMI or EJB call, to raise a web service or working on replied data which is in a relational database. But the database may not run on http or return results in html, so that the web browser cannot directly deal with the database. Even if it could, for security reasons, you probably would not want it to. This argument even can apply for other applications, so we need the middle layer to get the arriving data from http stream for the applications to insert the results in the document. . Sending the useful data to the clients: The document can send in different formats like (XML OR HTML), binary (GIF images), or in zip files that is layered on top of other underlying format. Though HTML is a common format, servlet /JSP task is to cover the results of HTML. Send the implicit HTTP response data. This explains about only an arrow leaving from the web middle layer (the servlet or JSP page) to the client. But there are two types of data sent the document alone and last the scenes HTTP information. But these two types can affect the development, by sending the HTTP data to the server or by setting cookies and caching parameter and others. Features of JSP JSP provides an attractive alternative to other dynamic scripting language by offering the following features: Platform independence: The use of adds versatility to a web application by enabling its execution on any computer. Enhanced performance: The compilation process in JSP produces faster results or output. Separation of logic from display: The use of JSP permits the HTML-specific static content and a mixture of HTML, Java, and JSP-specific dynamic content to be placed in separate fillies. Ease of administration The use of JSP eliminates the need for high-level technical expertise, thereby helping web developers, content creators, and content managers to work together and develop Java-based applications in less time and with less effort. Ease of use: All JSP applications run on major web server and operating systems, including Microsoft IIS, Netscape enterprise server, I Planet web server, and apache web server. These applications are available on Windows NT, windows 2000, and solaris7. Competing Products across Platforms: Competing products include active server pages (ASP), hypertext pre processor(PKP) and Java script. JSP versus ASP: ASP is the immediate competing technology from Microsoft. The dynamic content of JSP is written in Java, in contrast to that of ASP, which is written using an ASP-specific language, such as VBScript. As a result, complex applications can use the power of Java to result and embed Java components in JSP applications, second, JSP is portable to other operating systems and servers in contrast to the allegiance of ASP to windows NT/2000and IIS. JSP versus PHP: PHP is similar to ASP and JSP to a certain extent. PHP is a free, open-source, HTML-embedded, server-side scripting language, with basic HTML knowledge, however, a VBScript programmer can write ASP applications and a Java programmer can create JSP applications, whereas PHP requires learning an entirely new language, second by virtue if the power of Java, JSP has access to an extensive API for networking, database access, and objects distribution. JSP Objects its Scopes In JSP there are two types of objects. Implicit objects Explicit objects Implicit objects are automatically created. Explicit objects are created using actions. Whenever a request has been made for a JSP PAGE, JSP page will create two types of objects. They are: Implicit objects Explicit objects Implicit objects are automatically created by the JSP web developers can use this objects for their processing. Explicit objects are created thought actions. Scripting code is used to create these explicit objects. Every explicit object has some visible attribute. Scripting elements can access the explicit objects thought scripting-level variables. JSP defines several scopes for JSP objects. Objects Scopes: JSP defines several scopes for objects. Scopes are used to indicate the context in which the bean should be made available. Four types of scopes. They are: 1. Page 2. Request 3. Application 4. Session While process the request, the JSP page can create and /or the some Java objects. Scopes are used to indicate the context in which the dean should be made available in JSP there are four scopes are available. They are: Page: It is the default scopes for all the Java objects. It is used to indicate that the objects are only available on the current page. Once the response is sent back or the request is forwarded somewhere else all the object reference, which has the page scope, will be released object that contains Page scope is stored in the page Content object of the current page. Request: The request scope is used to indicate that the objects are only available for the current client request. If the request is forwarded to a resource in the same runtime, the Object is still available. Once the request is processed, all the object reference, which has the request scope, will be released. Objects that contain request scope will be released. Object references that contain request scope are stored in the request Object. Session: The session scope indicates that the available to all pages during the life of the current session. All references to the objects shall be released after the associated session ends. References to objects with session scope are stored in the session objects associated with the page activation. Application: The application scope indicates that it is available to all pages that share the same context object references which contain the application scope will be released when the runtime environment reclaims the servlet context objects references that contain the application scope are stored are stored in the application objects associated with the page activation. Directives And Actions: JSP elements can be directives or actions. Directives elements provide global information for the translation phase. Actions elements provide for the request-processing phase. New action can be created from the tag extension mechanism. JSP: Elements can be directives or actions. Directive elements are used to provide global information, which is not dependent for any specific received by the JSP page. For example directive elements can be used to include the external file inside the JSP PAGE. Action elements provide information, which is dependent on the details of the specific request received by the JSP page. Directive elements provide information for the compilation/translation phase. Action can create some objects and may make available to the scripting element. Action elements follow the syntax of XML elements. JSP contains a tag extension mechanism that enables the addition of new actions. Because of the mechanism JSP can b easily portable. Actions can be customized to provide access to the attribute values and to their body. Custom action be nested and their bodies can include scripting elements. ODBC: Two distinct ways to access ODBC data sources with DAO the Microsoft Jet database engine DBC direct Microsoft jet provides a broad range of functionality. It handles many of the details of establishing and managing connection, translating queries into a form acceptable to the server, and managing returned data in some cases, if you want to bypass the micro soft Jet database engine and use DAO to make calls directly to the ODBC driver manager. This functionality is available through ODBC Direct. The following steps offer a quick start to accessing ODBC data: Use the ODBC data source manager in the windows control panel to setup your ODBC data source and assign it a data Source name (DSN) In your Visual Basic code, set an ODBC connect string that references the data source. The connect string is used to establish a connection to the data source Create a new table def object and set its connect string to the value specified in step two. Append the table to the table defs collection Open a record-set object on the linked table. This record-set 7. Object contains data in your OBDC data source and you can manipulate it using the properties and methods of a record-set object.

Comparing Composed Upon Westminster Bridge by William Wordsworth and Lo

Comparison between William Blake and William Wordsworth’s Views of London William Blake grew up in the slums of London and this is shown in his poem, he wrote his poem in the slums and back alleys of London as he never had very much money. He describes London as being â€Å"charter’d†, this gives us the impression that everything has rules and boundaries in London, and that there is no mystery to be discovered. Also chartered means on a map, almost as if it is owned, by the king perhaps. The line in which the word is on, â€Å"I wander through each charter’d street, near where the charter’d Thames does flow,† makes us feel as if every thing is owned and nothing is natural, like all the people in London are prisoners of society The ending line of stanza two tells us, â€Å"The mind-forg'd manacles I hear†, this is Blake’s way of showing to us that there are no free minds in London. Everyone had been brainwashed by society and they could not think for themselves because of that. In the next stanza Blake describes the corruption of the Church of England by mentioning, â€Å"Every black'ning Church apalls† this shows the dirtiness of the buildings and shows us that there is a possibility that he is a strong catholic. This line ties in very well with the line directly above it â€Å"How the chimney-sweeper's cry†, both of the lines are discussing how dirty and filthy London is. We could also think of these lines in a different way Blake could be telling us that the priests are corrupt and dirty rather than just physically dirty. In the final line of this stanza, Blake states. â€Å"And the hapless soldier's sigh, runs in blood down palace-walls.† This could be considered as an other sign of corruption, and that monarchs are to blame for the death in London a... ...f London, but they only do this because of their life before they wrote the poems. One poet grew up in the rich area outside London and moved there later, whereas the other poet grew up in the slums of London. They never had the chance to see London through each others eyes, if they had they may have thought differently of London. Both poets grew up and wrote about what each thought of the same place, London is a city that is magnificent and beautiful to the people who know it like that. Whereas it is filthy and dirty to the people who have grown up in those filthy dirty areas. In my opinion London is a place that is somewhere between these two extreme versions of it, a place where there is magnificent splendour but also a place where there is filth and poverty. Theses poems where written two hundred and six years ago and London has not changed that much since then.

English Language Essay on Spoken Text

Text B is an interview on television show conducted by two presenters with the purpose being to conceive as much information as they can from J. K. Rowling, a famous author on her newest Harry Potter book. The audience here would predominantly be avid young readers of the book who want to know about the book and regular followers of the show. The dominant speaker in this text B would be the interviewers and the chat show is based on adjacency pairs.Using a false-start and contradiction in â€Å"no, I don’t – yes I do† illustrate aspects of spoken language although there are clear elements where the audience might know the interviewers had a basic idea of what was to be asked before-hand. The lack of non-fluency features more clearly suggest the questions were previously prepared, for example, when Richard says â€Å"All the papers that have been promoting this interview today clearly want us†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This tells us research was undertaken on what sort of que stions the audience or readers wanted answered.The change of tone at the end of a sentence suggests spontaneity and cues the other speaker’s turn to speak. For example, â€Å"But of course the last one at the moment is residing in your safe†, portrays the change in tone at the end. Judy, the interviewer used more interrogatives like â€Å"two much loved ones? † while Richard uses ellipsis to try and create spontaneity and confidence, â€Å"you told your husband, obviously you confide in him all things†¦Ã¢â‚¬  allowing turn-taking.The interviewee also seems a little uninterested through her short answers such as â€Å"He did one of the, yeah†; to perhaps show she isn’t in the mood or the fact she’s trying to be careful so as to not reveal any information thus considering her words. Text C is a play script from American Buffalo by David Mamet, with the purpose primarily being to entertain. The audience here would be predominantly educat ed theatre going audience.The play script is structurally organized through the use of adjacency pairs, with interrogatives being a main aspect. Don is portrayed as the dominant speaker as he controls the conversation and asserts his position through speech. Don’s speech is also longer and more authorative to further portray his higher status than Bob. The use of turn-taking and the informal setting gives way to colloquialism such as â€Å"well she was real mad at him†, â€Å"jewed† and â€Å"yup†.Don also uses â€Å"Bobby† to show familiarity with the other character as well as it being a little patronizing to represent their distinctive positions and relationship. Don also instigates topic shifts structurally as he tries to teach Bob about business, â€Å"Things are not always what they seem to be†, shows how a cliche to perhaps portray Don’s maturity and wisdom in comparison to the youth and naivety of Bob.